Abstract

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, and early detection through screening can significantly reduce mortality. This study examines the frequency and barriers to Lung Cancer Screening (LCS) using Low Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) among qualifying patients in primary care based on the United States Preventative Services Task Force’s (USPSTF) recommendations. Data were compiled from 402 patient charts across five clinics or clinic systems in the southeastern United States, and the information was analyzed using IBM SPSS statistical software, version 29. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were employed to assess screening frequency, barriers, and the influence of various demographic and provider factors. The results revealed that nearly half (47.3%) of the patients had a LDCT screening ordered, while 46.5% had no screening ordered. Additionally, 5.7% had a chest X-ray (CXR) ordered, and 0.5% had both tests ordered. Among those with screening orders, 76.84% completed LDCT, 95.7% completed CXR, and the overall completion rate was 79.1%. However, 20.1% of patients did not complete their screenings. Barriers to screening were documented in only 5.7% of cases, with patient noncompliance (4.2%) and cost (0.7%) being the most common barriers. The study reveals substantial gaps in LCS practices in primary care, with nearly half of the qualifying patients not receiving recommended screenings and poor documentation of barriers. This study underscores the need for improved adherence to LCS guidelines, better documentation of barriers, and targeted interventions to ensure effective and equitable screening practices in primary care.

Degree

Master of Science in Nursing (MSN)

Department

Graduate Nursing

Degree Date

2024

First Advisor

Dr. Beth Turner

Document Type

Thesis

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